Abdomen Sonography: Superficial Structures - Video Lesson

Welcome back everyone to our course on abdomen extended sonography. In this lesson, we're stepping away from the deep abdominal organs to focus on the body's more superficial structures, those found in the abdominal wall and just beneath the skin. While these areas might seem straightforward, the registry exam will test your ability to recognize their normal anatomy, understand their functions, and identify pathology. Let's get started. Beginning with the abdominal wall, this structure is made up of several distinct layers. Starting at the surface, we first encounter the skin, which appears as a thin echogenic line on ultrasound. Beneath that lies the subcutaneous tissue composed mainly of fat interlaced with connective tissue. This layer is typically hypoechoic with bright fibrous septations. Deeper still, the muscular layer contains the abdominal wall muscles, including the rectus abdominis, external and internal obliques, and transverse