Abdomen Sonography: Abdominal Hernia - Video Lesson

Hey, everyone. Welcome back to our lessons in abdominal ultrasound. In today's lesson, we're going to look at the abdominal wall, where hernias are among the most commonly encountered abnormalities. We'll review the normal sonographic anatomy of the abdominal wall, identify common types of hernias, and explore key sonographic techniques used to evaluate and characterize these defects. Let's get started. The abdominal wall is made up of multiple layers, including skin, subcutaneous fat, muscle layers, and fascia. When evaluating the abdominal wall for hernias, it's important to understand these layers sonographically. On ultrasound, the skin appears as a thin echogenic line, followed by the hypoechoic subcutaneous fat layer, and deeper still, the echogenic fascia and alternating hypoechoic and echogenic muscle layers. A hernia occurs when abdominal contents protrude through